'Gun Island' by Amitav Ghosh

 'Gun Island' by Amitav Ghosh (Flipped Learning Activity) 

Amitav Ghosh's Gun Island explores themes of migration, climate change, and the interconnectedness of human life across time and space. Released in 2019, the novel mixes mythology, folklore, and modern-day issues to create a story that spans different eras and continents. The plot follows Deen Datta, a rare book dealer from Brooklyn, who becomes involved in a series of events linked to environmental disasters, migration, and cultural change while investigating the Bengali legend of Bonduki Sadagar, also known as the Gun Merchant. With engaging storytelling, Ghosh connects the past and the present, encouraging readers to think about the urgent challenges of a world facing social and environmental crises.

Worksheets for Flipped Classroom Activities

Worksheet 1

1. Is Shakespeare mentioned in the novel? Or are his plays referred in the novel? 

Shakespeare is mentioned thrice: Venice's Jewish ghetto in 1541, its suitability as a setting for Shylock and Othello, and in the chapter "Friends," referencing his plays.

2. What is the role of Nakhuda Ilyas in the legend of the Gun Merchant.  

Captain Ilyas, whose name means "ship captain," was instrumental in the legend. He bought the Gun Merchant after pirates had enslaved him and, impressed by his intellect, granted him freedom. The two then joined forces, accumulated great wealth, and fled to Gun Island to escape the wrath of Manasa Devi.

3. Characters in one column and their profession in another. 

Character	Profession
Dinanath Dutta	Rare Book Dealer
Manasa Devi	Hindu Goddess of Snakes (Mythological)
Cinta Schiavon	Scholar of Venetian History
Kanai Dutt	Media Professional
Piya Roy	Marine Biologist

4. Write the name of relevant character.

Cinta Schiavon	Believer in mystical happenings & presence of the soul of dead people
Dinanath Dutta (Deen)	Skeptic who is in-between but slightly towards center-right
Piya Roy	Rationalizes all uncanny happenings

 5. What sort of comparison between the book and the mobile is presented at the end of the  novel?

Gun Island draws an intriguing parallel between books and mobile technology, showcasing their distinct roles in connecting people and sharing stories.

The Gun Merchant’s encounter with Manasa Devi within a book demonstrates the enduring ability of literature to transport readers to historical or imaginary worlds. The illuminated palm-leaf manuscript mentioned in the story symbolizes the link between books and ancient traditions, preserving myths like the legend of the Gun Merchant. The tale of Bonduki Sadagar, passed down through oral and written narratives, blurs the line between reality and the metaphysical, illustrating how books keep human imagination alive.

On the other hand, mobile technology emphasizes the immediacy and functionality of modern communication. Piya’s use of an Indian mobile phone and Internet telephony bridges vast distances, enabling instant connections, such as when Deen coordinates the Sundarbans trip. Similarly, mobile phones facilitate vital exchanges of information between Cinta, Tipu, and Rafi, allowing key meetings to occur in Venice.

The contrast between these mediums lies in their roles: books delve into the past, preserving myths and history, while mobile technology fosters real-time global connections. By highlighting this interplay, Gun Island celebrates how traditional and modern storytelling methods coexist to enrich human interactions.

6. Tell me something about Amitav Ghosh’s novel Gun Island in 100 words.

Amitav Ghosh’s Gun Island intricately blends folklore, climate change, and migration into a compelling narrative. The novel follows Deen Datta, a dealer of rare books, as he uncovers the legend of the Gun Merchant across Bengal, Venice, and Los Angeles. By intertwining past and present, the story reflects on ecological and human challenges while uncovering interconnected histories. Ghosh explores how ancient myths echo modern struggles, weaving a complex tapestry of characters, cultures, and environmental themes. The novel emphasizes humanity’s delicate bond with nature and highlights the pressing need for collective action to tackle global crises.

7. What is the central theme of Amitav Ghosh’s novel Gun Island?

The central theme of Amitav Ghosh’s Gun Island is the intricate interplay between folklore, migration, and climate change, reflecting humanity's deep interconnectedness with nature and history. The novel explores how ancient myths are not merely relics of the past but resonate with pressing modern issues like ecological crises and forced displacement. Ghosh examines the impact of climate change on both human and non-human lives, portraying it as a driver of migration and cultural transformation.

A key focus of the novel is the fragile relationship between humans and the environment, emphasizing the urgent need for collective responsibility in addressing global challenges. Through its multi-layered narrative spanning Bengal, Venice, and Los Angeles, Gun Island underscores the enduring relevance of cultural memory and mythology in understanding and navigating contemporary crises.


Worksheet 2 :

1. Write 10-12 words about climate change in the novel. Mention number of times they recur.

                                                                                                                                        

Word	Count
Tornado	10
Reforestation	1
Wildfire	17
Apocalypse	4
Cyclone	16
Smoke	23
Drought	9
Calamities	2
Tsunami	3
Weather	35
Flood	20
Plague	11
Storm	1
Global Warming	1

2. Explain the title of the novel. [Key words: venedig, hazelnut]

The title Gun Island alludes to "Bonduk-dwip," a mythical island tied to the story of the Gun Merchant, representing a place of refuge and survival. However, the narrative highlights that no place is immune to the forces of nature, exemplified by the ecological crises in the Sundarbans. The title also references global trade history, with "Venedig" (Venice in German) symbolizing Venice’s pivotal role in commerce, including the trade of gunpowder and other goods. Additionally, the mention of "hazelnut" evokes the shape of bullets, connecting it to the Gun Merchant’s story and the trade networks of the time. Overall, the title reflects the fusion of myth, migration, and the unavoidable effects of environmental change.

3. Match the characters with the reasons for migration.

Character	Reason for Migration
Dinanath	Some uncanny sort of restlessness
Palash	To better socio-economic condition
Lubna Khala and Munir	Natural calamities
Tipu and Rafi	Poverty
Kabir and Bilal	Violence and riots – family fueds & communal reasons

4. Match the theorist with the theoretical approach to study mythology.

Theorist	Theoretical Approach
Sigmund Freud	Psychoanalysis
Claude Levi-Strauss	Structuralism
Bronislaw Malinowski	Functionalism
Emile Durkheim & Jane Harrison	Myth and Ritual

5. Summary of the article on postcolonial humanism.

Click here to visit  the article

"Towards a Post(colonial) Human Culture: Revisiting Amitav Ghosh’s Gun Island as a Fall of Eurocentric Humanism," Saikat Chakraborty provides an in-depth postcolonial reading of Ghosh’s novel, arguing that it challenges the core principles of Eurocentric humanism. Chakraborty asserts that Gun Island critiques the Western worldview, particularly the division between humans and animals, and the assumption that Western thought is universal.

He highlights how the novel integrates indigenous myths and cultural narratives, elevating non-Western perspectives that colonial history often marginalized. According to Chakraborty, the novel presents a postcolonial reimagining of human identity, one that fosters a more inclusive and flexible understanding of humanity. By reviving ancient myths like the Gun Merchant’s tale and linking them to contemporary issues such as migration, environmental change, and colonialism, Gun Island rejects the reductionist logic of colonial thought.

Chakraborty argues that the novel is not just a critique of Western humanism but also a call for a new form of human culture—one that is closely connected to the environment and the histories of marginalized communities. He believes Ghosh’s narrative envisions a human culture that transcends colonial-era anthropocentrism, advocating for a more holistic, postcolonial view of humanity’s place in the world.

Ultimately, the article emphasizes how Gun Island challenges the supremacy of Eurocentric humanism by presenting a more inclusive, ecologically sensitive vision of humanity, recognizing the deep connections between human cultures, nature, and history. Through this analysis, Chakraborty situates the novel as an important postcolonial work that critiques colonial legacies and offers an alternative way of conceptualizing the human experience.

6. Suggest research possibilities in Amitav Ghosh’s novel Gun Island.

Postcolonial Critique of Eurocentric Humanism:

Explore how Gun Island challenges Eurocentric humanism, especially the Western dichotomy between humans and nature. This could involve examining the novel’s critique of colonial rationality and the reimagining of human identity through indigenous mythologies.

Migration and Identity:

Investigate the theme of migration in Gun Island, focusing on how it connects with colonial histories and contemporary global issues. Research could examine the ways in which migration narratives in the novel explore identity, belonging, and cultural intersections.

7. Generate a sonnet on Gun Island.

On Gun Island, where myths and waters meet,

A tale unfolds of refuge, fear, and fate.

The Gun Merchant, in history’s deceit,

Seeks shelter from a world that will not wait.

The Sundarbans, with mangrove roots that bend,

Face storms and tides that never cease to rise.

Yet through the winds, a legend finds its end,

As nature’s wrath unveils its sharpest cries.

From Venice' shores to distant, burning lands,

The threads of trade connect both heart and mind.

While bullets shape the stories in our hands,

We search for peace, yet answers are hard to find.

On Gun Island, where the past still sings,

We face the future, and the storm it brings.

8. Write Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

1.What is the significance of "Gun Island" in the novel?

A) It represents a place of ultimate destruction.

B) It symbolizes a mythical place of refuge tied to the legend of the Gun Merchant.

C) It is the location where all the characters meet.

D) It stands for a real-world island involved in global trade.

Answer: B) It symbolizes a mythical place of refuge tied to the legend of the Gun Merchant.

2.Which natural disaster is most prominently featured in Gun Island as a symbol of environmental crises?

A) Earthquake

B) Flood

C) Tornado

D) Wildfire

Answer: B) Flood

3.The term "Venedig" refers to which city in Gun Island?

A) Venice

B) New York

C) Los Angeles

D) Bengal

Answer: A) Venice

4.What does the "hazelnut" symbolize in Gun Island?

A) The shape of a bullet

B) The shape of a tree

C) A symbol of prosperity

D) The ancient tradition of gunpowder trade

Answer: A) The shape of a bullet

5.Who is the central character in Gun Island that explores the legend of the Gun Merchant?

A) Cinta

B) Deen Datta

C) Piya

D) Tipu

Answer: B) Deen Datta

9. Write Hindi & English translation of 5 Italian words from the novel.

Italian words	Hindi	English
Caro	प्रिय	Dear
Spettacolo	प्रदर्शन	Spectacle
per favore	कृपया	Please
Ciao	नमस्ते	HI
Prego	कृपया	Please
Grazie	धन्यवाद	Thank you

Video 1: Characters and Summary - 1 | Sundarbans | Gun Island

The novel 'Gun Island' begins with the introduction of Dinanath Datta, also known as Deen or Dino, the protagonist of the story. Through Deen’s perspective, the narrative unfolds, focusing on his exploration of the myth of the 'Gun Merchant' or 'Bonduki Sadagar'. This myth plays a significant role in the storyline, influencing the characters and connecting historical and mysterious elements that deepen the novel's plot.

One of the central themes of the novel is migration, symbolized by references to migratory birds. This theme highlights how migration shapes the lives and struggles of the characters. Deen, who deals in rare books and Asian antiquities, is financially unstable but passionate about researching folklore. His research takes him to America, where he encounters Kanai Dutt, a character from Amitav Ghosh's earlier novel, 'The Hungry Tide' (2004). However, Kanai mocks Deen and does not treat him with respect. Later, Deen meets Gia'Cinta, who explains that folklore is more than just fairy tales—it represents historical events that may have genuinely occurred.

The story also includes references to Nova Chockilovy and the idea of vaccination. Kanai advises Deen to meet Nilima Bose, who runs an NGO that helps the poor, the landless, and others in need. During this journey, another character, Piyali Roy (Piya), is introduced. Piya is a marine biologist who regularly visits the Sundarbans for her research on dolphins and animal behavior. Her studies provide insights into the region's unique ecosystem.

Nilima Bose shares the legend of the 'Bonduki Sadagar', showing how cultural histories are passed down through generations. The novel also addresses environmental disasters, like the Bhola Cyclone of the 1970s, emphasizing the destructive power of nature and the effects of climate change. Amitav Ghosh draws attention to how natural calamities reshape communities, referencing incidents like the tragedy in Murree, Islamabad, where people died in their cars due to extreme weather.

A unique element of the story is the shrine dedicated to Mansa Devi, which survived the cyclone unharmed. Horen Naskar, a boatman, and his grandson Rafi take care of the shrine, which features intricate architecture inspired by Bishnupur and symbols like snakes, guns, and ships. Deen, skeptical of the shrine’s myths, studies these symbols to uncover their meaning.

The plot intensifies when Tipu, the son of Moyna and Fokir, is bitten by a cobra. Known for his tech-savviness, Tipu utters the words, "Rani is in danger," referring to a dolphin named Rani. This moment blurs the line between reality and imagination, leaving readers to question whether Tipu has unique insights or if it is purely symbolic.

Overall, 'Gun Island' explores themes of migration, climate change, and cultural history, blending myths with contemporary issues. It encourages readers to think about the connections between humanity, nature, and the stories passed through generations.

Video 2: Characters and Summary - 2 | USA | Gun Island

The story follows Deen Datta, a rare book trader from Brooklyn, who becomes fascinated with the Bengali myth of the "Gun Merchant." His journey takes him to several places, including the United States, where he meets people who shape his understanding of the myth and how it connects to present-day issues. The novel highlights themes such as migration, climate change, and the connection between ancient legends and modern life, which are explored through Deen's experiences in the U.S.

As Deen’s adventure continues, he travels from the Sundarbans to Los Angeles and Venice, meeting characters like Piya Roy, a marine biologist; Cinta, an Italian historian; and Rafi, a migrant worker. These interactions help develop the novel’s key themes, especially how ancient myths remain relevant in today’s world. For example, Piya talks about the wildfires in Los Angeles, which have forced people to leave their homes and cities. These wildfires are used as a powerful symbol of the devastating effects of climate change.

The story also introduces Lisa, an entomologist who teaches at a community college and researches bark beetles. Her work represents themes of discovery, adaptation, and the interconnectedness of ecosystems. A striking event in the novel describes a wildfire burning down a forest, which benefits kites by allowing them to hunt snakes—showing nature’s way of adapting to destruction.

Cinta further explains the myth of the "Gun Merchant," connecting it to places like Gun Island, the Land of Palm, Sugar Candy, the Land of Kerchiefs, and the Island of Chains. Gun Island is identified as Venice, where weapon foundries were located and where the Jewish ghetto once existed—referred to as an "island within an island." These details tie the myth to historical events and cultural significance, possibly linked to ancient gods and beliefs.

Another important character is Gisella, or "Gisa," who wants to make a documentary about migrants traveling to Bangladesh and the "Blue Boat." She contacts Deen for help as a translator, further blending themes of migration, storytelling, and cultural connections into the narrative.

Video 3: Summary - 3 | Venice | Part 2 of Gun Island

The second part of the novel focuses on Dinanath’s journey to Venice, introducing characters like Rafi and Lubna Khala, who represent the struggles and hardships faced by Bangladeshi migrants. The story explores important themes such as human trafficking, climate change, and the connection between different cultures and histories. The characters deal with social problems, personal losses, and the presence of mythology in their everyday lives. A key discussion in this section is the contrast between mysticism and logic, especially through the character of Piyali, who takes a scientific approach, while Dinanath leans more toward a mystical perspective. The section ends with a powerful moment involving dolphins, which reflects the larger impact of environmental destruction.

Venice acts as a metaphor for cities threatened by rising floods and the effects of climate change. This setting highlights the serious consequences of environmental issues. Through the stories of Rafi and Lubna, the novel sheds light on the harsh realities of migrant exploitation and human trafficking. The reference to shipworms and rising sea levels symbolizes the results of neglecting environmental problems, reminding readers of their responsibility toward the planet. Ghosh paints a vivid picture of the struggles migrants face, showing how financial difficulties often lead to exploitation. The novel encourages readers to think about the voices and experiences of marginalized communities that are often ignored in mainstream discussions.

The difference between Piyali’s scientific view and Dinanath’s belief in myths shows how people interpret the world in unique ways. This contrast encourages readers to think about how belief systems shape their understanding of events and reality. The tragic event of dolphins being stranded emphasizes the environmental harm caused by humans and reminds us of the interconnectedness of all living beings. This incident also reflects themes of sacrifice and loss, drawing parallels between the difficulties migrants face and the challenges of marine life. Ghosh highlights how personal and collective histories influence identities and the present, using storytelling as a way to preserve culture and address current issues.

The relationships between the characters, such as Dinanath, Piyali, Rafi, and Lubna, demonstrate the importance of human connection during difficult times. Their bonds serve as a reminder that even in the face of challenges like migration and environmental crises, relationships can provide hope and strength. This focus on unity and resilience makes the novel’s message even more impactful for readers.

Thematic Study

Video 1: Etymological Mystery | Title of the Novel

The lecture begins by examining the Bengali term "Bonduki Sadagar," often translated as "The Gun Merchant," and its connection to the novel’s title, Gun Island. It explores the deeper linguistic and historical significance of the word "Gun," showing that it goes beyond just referencing firearms. Instead, it holds a layered meaning rooted in its etymology. The word "Gun" is traced back to its origins, revealing how its meaning has evolved over time. This analysis sheds light on the title's connection to the novel's themes, enhancing the story’s depth. By exploring these linguistic elements, the lecture highlights how Amitav Ghosh uses etymology to make the narrative more meaningful and encourages readers to think about the role of language and history in shaping the novel.

The word "Bonduki" is derived from the Arabic term "al-Bunduqeyya," which was historically used to describe Venice. This name originated from Venice’s production of small spherical pellets resembling hazelnuts, called "bunduq" in Arabic. Because of this, "Bonduki Sadagar" is more accurately translated as "The Merchant of Venice" rather than "The Gun Merchant." This etymological analysis highlights the deep connections between language, trade, and cross-cultural exchanges across time. By uncovering this linguistic history, the lecture reveals how Amitav Ghosh carefully weaves etymology into his storytelling, encouraging readers to consider the complex histories and meanings behind words. This approach emphasizes the novel’s focus on interconnectedness and cultural blending.

Video 2: Part I - Historification of Myth & Mythification of History

In Gun Island, Amitav Ghosh does a great job of connecting the past with the present by mixing the ideas of myth and history. The book takes the Bengali folktale of "Bonduki Sadagar" (the Gun Merchant), which tells the story of a merchant trying to escape the anger of the serpent goddess Manasa Devi. Ghosh looks at this myth from a historical perspective, tying it to trade, migration, and survival. He makes the myth feel real by placing it in actual locations like Venice and the Sundarbans, turning it into a story about human strength and the social and economic forces that push people to migrate and interact with different cultures.

Ghosh also brings history into myth by weaving modern problems like climate change, forced migration, and environmental damage into the ancient story. As Deen, the protagonist, uncovers how the Gun Merchant’s tale links to current events, the novel shows how old myths can teach us about today’s global issues. Elements like snakes, storms, and people being forced to move represent nature’s reaction to how humans treat the environment, blurring the line between history and myth. This blending of myth and history shows that myths aren’t just old stories but continue to evolve and speak to the challenges humanity faces now.

Video 3: Part II - Historification of Myth & Mythification of History

The myth of Chand Saudagar and Mansa Devi, a part of Bengali folklore, sets the stage in Ghosh’s novel. The connection between rituals and myth is clear, as rituals often carry the essence of the myth. Over time, as stories evolve, so do their interpretations. Rituals, like pilgrimages to holy places, act as protective practices, and Ghosh uses the term ‘Dhaam’ to describe these sacred sites that people frequently visit. The Char Dhaam Yatra is an example of such a journey, where pilgrims are warmly welcomed by others along the way.

Dinanath’s journey, on the other hand, is filled with struggles, such as his challenges in the Sundarbans, where he faces physical hardships. These struggles reflect the minimalistic nature of spiritual journeys, where each hardship can be seen as part of a larger quest for meaning. The novel portrays spirituality as a link between humans and nature, transforming symbols like Ilyas and Mansa Devi into representations of nature itself. Nature’s impact on humans is clear in the story, shaping their actions and decisions. Dinanath’s quest is driven by his search for a better life, both financially and personally.

The story also explores the 17th century, a time of natural disasters and unbelievable events. This is referenced in a seminar in Los Angeles, where a young scholar discusses these calamities, suggesting that the anger of people is a response to nature’s wrath. This idea connects contemporary issues, like climate change and pandemics, to the past, showing how imagination can turn into reality.

The novel also touches on the relationship between humans and nature, symbolized through sacred groves, where communities live in harmony with the environment. This concept ties into Sanskritization, or cultural norms, revealing how the connection between humans and nature transcends time. The story teaches us more than just a tale – it gives us insight into the universal structure of the world. It also reflects how myths evolve, much like how Amish's portrayal of Sita in his ‘Ramayan’ challenges traditional views, presenting her as a powerful, warrior-like figure.

Video 4: Part III - Historification of Myth & Mythification of History

A structuralist approach to Amitav Ghosh's Gun Island shows how the novel weaves together myths, relationships, and themes to create a deeper narrative. The conversations between Dinanath Datta (Deen) and Kanai Dutt highlight the clash between belief and rationality. Kanai, who has a colonial mindset, calls Deen "Dinu," a nickname that Deen finds disrespectful. This shows the tension between their differing worldviews.

The novel also contrasts Nilima Bose's grounded social work perspective with the myth of Mansa Devi, highlighting how folklore shapes identities and cultural memories. While Nilima is practical, she still sees the importance of myths in understanding real-world problems like climate change and migration. The myth of Mansa Devi, with themes of anger and reconciliation, acts as a symbol for the relationship between human actions and nature’s responses. Deen reflects, “The goddess’s anger wasn’t just a punishment; it was a warning, a demand for balance.”

The novel’s structure is further enhanced by the dynamic between Piyali, Deen, and Cinta. Piya, a marine scientist, represents scientific research and environmental advocacy, while Cinta, a Venetian historian, ties the past to the present. Their interactions show how myths, history, and science can come together to address global issues like migration and climate change. Cinta says, “What you call myth is often the truest history, recorded in a language we have forgotten.” This dynamic between the characters emphasizes that the past, present, and future are connected, and understanding one helps us understand the others.

Deen’s psychological journey reflects the struggle between logic and the power of folklore and nature. At first, he dismisses the myth of Bonduki Sadagar, but as he experiences strange events, he is forced to reconsider his beliefs. He says, “The world is not as orderly as I imagined. There are cracks, fissures, where the past leaks through.” The myth of Mansa Devi becomes a symbol of humanity’s collective guilt and anxiety over environmental damage. The goddess’s anger reflects the psychological weight we bear for exploiting nature.

The novel also explores the emotional impact of migration. Characters like Tipu show the trauma of being displaced and isolated in a changing world. Tipu’s restless behavior highlights the internal scars caused by forced migration, echoing Freud’s idea of the “unheimlich,” the feeling of being alienated even in familiar surroundings. Through Piyali and Cinta, the novel explores the need to reconcile past trauma with present realities. Piya’s commitment to marine conservation can be seen as a way to turn personal loss into action, while Cinta’s historical work reveals her unconscious drive to connect modern chaos with the continuity of history.

Video 5: Climate Change | The Great Derangement

In this video lecture, we explore Amitav Ghosh’s take on climate change and its representation in literature, focusing on his novel Gun Island. The lecture highlights Ghosh’s idea that modern literature often fails to address climate change properly, a problem he calls "The Great Derangement." This term refers to how contemporary stories usually ignore or fail to properly tackle the environmental crises we face, leaving these important issues out of mainstream conversations.

The lecture also shows how Gun Island serves as Ghosh’s way of filling this gap in storytelling. By mixing mythology with current events, Ghosh brings climate change to the forefront, showing its real effects on people’s lives and migration. The novel’s main character, Dinanath, goes on a journey that reflects the uncertainty and displacement many face today due to climate change. The lecture emphasizes Ghosh’s call for changing how we think about and write literature, pushing for stories that can more effectively deal with climate change and encourage both readers and writers to engage with the environmental issues that are shaping our world.

Video 6: Migration | Human Trafficking | Refugee Crisis

In this video lecture, we explore the idea of helping others, especially during times of crisis like migration. It talks about how migration can challenge national identities and the sense of belonging, showing how, instead of focusing on helping those in need, people might prioritize their own interests. This makes us think about our own selfishness and how we respond to those who are suffering.

The lecture then shifts to discussing migration, human trafficking, and the refugee crisis, combining personal stories and folklore with these current global issues. In Gun Island, migration is not just about moving people from one place to another; it's shown as a response to complex crises caused by social instability, economic inequality, and climate change.

Characters like Tipu and Rafi highlight the dangerous paths people take to escape poverty and environmental disasters, searching for a better life. Their experiences mirror the harsh realities of many migrants who risk everything to cross borders, often falling victim to human trafficking. The novel also addresses displacement due to environmental degradation and rising sea levels, expanding on the refugee crisis. By connecting the myth of the Gun Merchant with contemporary migrations, Ghosh shows that migration is a recurring issue, both in the present and throughout history.

References:

Barad, Dilip. (2025). Flipped Learning Activity Instructions: Gun Island by Amitav Ghosh. 10.13140/RG.2.2.22082.49603. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/388143893_Flipped_Learning_Activity_Instructions_Gun_Island_by_Amitav_Ghosh. Accessed 20 Jan. 2025.

Barad, Dilip. Gun Island by Amitav Ghosh. 2022. https://blog.dilipbarad.com/2022/01/gun-island.html. Accessed 20 Jan. 2025. 

DoE-MKBU. Characters and Summary - 1 | Sundarbans | Gun Island | Amitav Ghosh.” YouTube, 17 Jan. 2022, www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wn70pnUIK1Y. 

DoE-MKBU. Characters and Summary - 2 | USA | Gun Island | Amitav Ghosh.” YouTube, 17 Jan. 2022, www.youtube.com/watch?v=DiYLTn7cWm8.

DoE-MKBU. Summary - 3 | Venice | Part 2 of Gun Island | Amitav Ghosh.” YouTube, 18 Jan. 2022, www.youtube.com/watch?v=8F3n_rrRG9M.

DoE-MKBU. “Climate Change | the Great Derangement | Gun Island | Amitav Ghosh.” YouTube, 21 Jan. 2022, www.youtube.com/watch?v=6_3tD4voebA.

DoE-MKBU. "Etymological Mystery | Title of the Novel | Gun Island | Amitav Ghosh.” YouTube, 19 Jan. 2022, www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Yg5RmjBlTk.

DoE-MKBU. “Migration | Human Trafficking | Refugee Crisis | Gun Island | Amitav Ghosh.” YouTube, 21 Jan. 2022, www.youtube.com/watch?v=jLeskjjZRzI.

DoE-MKBU. "Part I - Historification of Myth and Mythification of History | Gun Island | Amitav Ghosh.” YouTube, 21 Jan. 2022, www.youtube.com/watch?v=VBLsFEKLGd0.

DoE-MKBU. “Part II | Historification of Myth and Mythification of History | Gun Island | Amitav Ghosh.” YouTube, 23 Jan. 2023, www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZP2HerbJ5-g.

DoE-MKBU. “Part III - Historification of Myth and Mythification of History | Gun Island | Amitav Ghosh.” YouTube, 23 Jan. 2023, www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVLqxT_mUCg.